More about Thao Moua and Pa Fue Khang
If you are in Europe, you could send a copy of your letter to Laos's
diplomatic mission, which is in Paris:
His Excellency Mr Khouanta Phalivong
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Embassy of the Lao People's Democratic Republic
74, Ave Raymond-Poincaré 75 116
Paris
France
You can send cards, with simple non-political greetings, to Thao
Moua or Pa Fue Khang:
c/o Samkhe Prison
Vientiane
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Information from Amnesty International's Individuals
at Risk Case-Sheet 2007/08 of November 2007, and Greetings Card Campaign
Action 1 Nov. 200731 Jan. 2008:
Thao Moua, Pa Fue Khang and Char Yang, men of the ethnic Hmong people
in Laos, were arrested in June 2003 with two Bangkok-based journalistsBelgian
Thierry Falise and Frenchman Vincent Reynaudand Pastor Naw Karl
Mua, their Hmong-American interpreter. They had just emerged from
the jungle in Xieng Khouang province, where the journalists had been
researching an article on the ill-treatment of Hmong people. The three
men were working as their assistants, drivers and guides.
Following their arrest the three Hmong men
were reportedly shackled in leg irons and beaten with sticks and bicycle
chains. In pre-trial detention one of them was repeatedly knocked
unconscious. The arrests were only acknowledged by the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs weeks later, after worldwide protests.
On 30 June five of the six were brought to
trial, which lasted less than three hours. (Yang, who had managed
to escape detention, was tried in absentia; he eventually fled to
Thailand and was resettled to a third country.)
The Laotians had no legal representation and the trial's outcome was
apparently pre-determined.
(Quotation from Thierry Falise, the Belgian
journalist: "The trial was a farce and when it came to the reading
of the conclusions of the sentences... it was a text of five or six
pages, which was typewritten; we only had a fifteen minute pause before
that so it was obvious that this text was typed up in advance.")
All six were sentenced to between 10 and 20
years' imprisonment. The embassies of the foreign nationals negotiated
their release shortly afterwards; the three were deported on 9 July
but their notes and film materials were confiscated. Moua and Khang
were transferred to Samkhe prison in Vientiane, the Laotian capital.
It is not known if they were allowed to appeal. They are serving sentences
of 12 and 15 years respectively.
The charges against them included collaboration
in the commission of an offence, possession of firearms and explosives,
possession of drugs, and destruction of evidence.
Amnesty International believes their unfair trial was politically
motivated because of their involvement in researching a news story
about the plight of the Hmong hiding in the jungle.
Ethnic Hmong prisoners receive particularly
harsh treatment and are at increased risk of torture, denial of medical
treatment, and harsh punishments.
The genocide of the Hmong
During the Vietnam war, Laos was supposed to be neutral, but North
Vietnamese troops operated there and the US and Royal Laos armies
fought against them. The CIA recruited men of the Hmong tribe, who
could move quickly through the forests and mountains that they knew
well.
After the US pulled out in 1975, leaving Laos
like Vietnam to the communists, the Pathet Lao government announced
that it would wipe out all Hmong in Laos. So for the several thousand
remaining Hmong the war has never stopped: they have to defend themselves,
with the rusting weapons left to them, against continual attack from
Laotian troops. They have to live in hiding in the jungle, unable
to rest anywhere long enough to grow food, living on rats and boiled
shrubs, and suffering severe malnutrition and disease.
When the occasional foreign journalist reaches
them, the Hmong weep unrestrainedly and beg for the Americans to come
back and rescue them. A CIA agent who was the leader in their recruitment
and training
has said: "The CIA owes them nothing. We gave them the choice to leave."
Some did become refugees in America. More recently hundreds have fled
into Thailand, but Thailand has forcibly returned them. The only solution
is for the US to repay its debt to those it used by pressing Laos
to cease persecuting them, but the US gives no more than lip-service
to this.
From Amnesty International's background material: "Those [Hmong]
who have assisted visiting journalists, or have connections to these
Hmong groups, are themselves at risk of serious human rights abuses.
In Laos, a one-party state that tightly restricts the rights to freedom
of expression, association and assembly, opposition to the government
is not permitted. The state retains control of the media, religious
organizations, and trade unions. There are no independent domestic
non-government organisations, and international human rights monitors
are not permitted free access to the country. Trial proceedings in
political cases fail to meet international standards; conditions in
police custody and prisons are harsh, with reports of torture and
ill-treatment. Although Laos signed the International Covenant on
Civil and political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic,
Social and Cultural Rights in 2001, it has to date failed to take
sufficient necessary steps towards ratification and full implementation.
(For more information see Amnesty International's report, Lao people's
democratic Republic: Hiding in the JungleHmong under threat,
Amnesty International Index: ASA 26/003/2007)."
The case of Thao Moua and Pa Fue Khang is particularly important:
it brought to light the oppression of the Hmong in Laos. Click
here for further very interesting information
about the Hmong in Laos, written by Duncan Booth.
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